Glucosamine & Chondroitin (Glucosamine & Chondroitin); It is a new cartilage protective natural formulation. Glucosamine and chondroitin are the two basic building blocks of the connective tissues in our body and are indispensable elements of our joints. It has been shown in various studies that the compounds it contains reduce the effects of osteoarthritis (Arthrosis; Degenerative joint disease-calcification) and strengthen the cartilage structure.
Glucosamine (Glucosamine Sulfate); It is a ready-to-use supplementary food in various forms. Its molecular structure is simple. The most common forms are; glucosamine sulfate (glucosamine sulfate), glucosamine hydrochloride (glucosamine hydrochloride) and N-Acetyl-Glucosamine (N-acetyl-glucosamine: NAG). Glucosamine sulfate (GS) form is the most clinically researched form for osteoarthritis (OA) and is the only form with a proven beneficial effect for OA. Therefore, this form is the preferred form for OA treatment. Glucosamine is a substance that our body needs in the production of special molecules found in cartilages and known as glycosaminoglycans (GAG). It is not found in significant amounts in our daily foods. Therefore, it is produced from the shells of shellfish such as shrimp and oysters as a supplementary food. Glucosamine Sulfate (GS), It is stabilized by one of two mineral salts known as sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) (Reference 1-2). Although both are effective for stabilizing the GS, the use of KCl as a stabilizer is more common (Glucosamine potassium sulfate). The reason for this is that enough NaCl (table salt) is already taken in our daily food culture, but KCl is not taken enough. Glucosamine (GS) plays an important role in the formation of nails, tendons (structures that enable muscles to adhere to bones), skin, eyes, bones and ligaments (ligaments; the ligament that attaches bones and other organs to each other). The most important physiological function of glucosamine in the joints is to ensure the formation of cartilage compounds and the entry of sulfur into the cartilage. In summary, it plays an important role not only in the formation but also in the nutrition of cartilage. Studies over the last 10 years have shown that Glucosamine Sulfate is very effective in reducing the symptoms of osteoarthritis. In studies, glucosamine sulfate has shown better results than standard painkillers and placebos in relieving pain and inflammation (Reference3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12).
Chondroitin Sulfate (Chondroitin Sodium Sulfate); It consists of molecular chains called glycosaminoglycons (GAG). The most important nutritional source is animal cartilage (such as cattle, cow). Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is one of the most important substances for cartilage, bones and tendons. In long-term clinical studies, it has been found that chondroitin sulfate reduces the course of the disease and joint pain in cases of osteoarthritis (arthrosis-calcification) and strengthens the joints. Studies have shown that chondroitin sulfate contributes to bone health. Because the majority of GAGs found in bones consist of chondroitin sulfate (Reference 13). Many double-blind studies (a type of clinical research in which neither the subject nor the investigator know what is being treated) (Reference 14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21) have shown that chondroitin reduces the symptoms of osteoarthritis, slows its progression or It has shown that it has a reversal effect (Reference22). Chondroitin and similar compounds are also present in the structure of blood vessels and the urinary bladder and help prevent abnormal blood and urine flow. Another role of chondroitin in blood vessels is to prevent excessive blood clotting. Additionally, chondroitin can also lower blood cholesterol levels (Reference23). Research also shows that this substance helps prevent arteriosclerosis and heart attack (in people with arteriosclerosis) (Reference24-25-26). chondroitin sulfate, It is also rich in sulfur (sulfur), which is related to glucosamine. GAGs affect how the body processes oxalates (salt of oxalic acid; a substance related to kidney stones). In a study conducted on 40 people with a history of kidney stones, it was observed that taking 30 mg of GAG twice a day reduced urinary oxalate excretion within 15 days (Reference 27-28). Since the body itself produces chondroitin sulfate, its deficiency is rarely seen in healthy people. However, in people affected by osteoarthritis and other forms of arthritis, the amount of chondroitin sulfate in the joint cartilages may decrease. Chondroitin sulfate is the main element of cartilage retention of water and nutrients and the movement of other molecules towards the cartilage (an important feature since there is no blood flow to the cartilage).
Studies have shown that glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate individually reduce the symptoms of arthritis. Accordingly, while glucosamine sulfate reduces pain, chondroitin sulfate slows down the progression of the disease. While glucosamine sulfate increases GAG synthesis, chondroitin sulfate blocks the enzymes that degrade cartilage. These two cartilage protective agents (active substances) complement each other because they have different mechanisms of action.
MSM: It is a sulfur substance used to strengthen the ligaments surrounding the joint. It is also known to provide benefits in terms of pain relief.
